Historical Document · 1911
US Patent 1,011,617: Calculating-Machine (C. Hamann, the proportional lever)
Hamann's proportional lever for the Mercedes-Euklid, filed 28 June 1910 and granted 12 December 1911 (DE 209,817).
Historical Document · 1911
Hamann's proportional lever for the Mercedes-Euklid, filed 28 June 1910 and granted 12 December 1911 (DE 209,817).
C. HAMANN, CALCULATING MACHINE, APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 28, 1910. 1,021,617. Patented Dee, 12, 1911. 7 BHEETS—SHEET 1. a ‘id fo je IF LF 7 JF 5b ib Tele Ty oa a =F a : 7 n + t a fI— N5F ol an ER “4 Ee? 38 734 BWoerennara 4 1973 168 a y, Lo | Yn 4, eee 2 a “L ke; 1 BSHEETS-SHEET 2. Patented Dec. 12, 1911. C. HAMANN. CALCULATING MACHINE, APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 28, 1910. 1,011,617. 1G) en CWT Wily Prvenutor ; lw sll sr di xe Urocean & Y est OL TY 6LA o a Coal 12 60 | : | ; + <OEL-— AT aN —H a ear one ; iBSea5E =a - CO Hoe Pa | SP: ohn A cy 2S P: Zé <a> > 1S d i ala iat SA i a r6e ) CLG OE OF Fe OW oF —— Fh et J Ci-} get ane \Oo- £2 OF = 4 > vO ||" Oz Witness ls’ 6. Luchsrt C. HAMANN. CALCULATING MACHINE, APPLICATION FILED JUNE 28, 1910. 1,611,617, Patented Des, 12, 1911. 7 SHEETS—SHEET 3. Tye pe 55 GO_ 7 58 |||l-% et 44 2 / Pa Ne ars tbls icy Sag A 146 Te | 6 oe " © é 125/44 29 9 4 ® 15 57 C. HAMANN. CALCULATING MACHINE, APPLICATION FILED JUNE 28, 1210. a aie | " a fs pont Fal GY ft BS a fd Pate 8 > a, 4 tittliily Vdd bb iti, 1,011,617. WU wh wh Coby yoy Gdn. eed, ae C. HAMANN, CALCULATING MACHINE, APPLIGATION FILED JUNE 28, 1910. 1,011,617. . Patented Dee, 12, i911, 7 SHEETS—SHEET 6. — IIILIT ee LOT OLOLORORORON (= rIinitit = og Lig ad "90 20 Ry 70°R 91 19 9 0 MB /g 1H 9e y UGA te =e= coke 4 f aN ax = 90 ane eo. peed So POI De Ci eo ‘ eS ——— oa) 1) ae 1 a La | ie i 1S 8) MH ee! Om easel TUE CT err tt Boa af C. HAMANN. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 28, 1910. 1,011,617, Patented Dec, 12, 1911. 7 SHEETS—SHEET 6. 163 162 Figed. 95, 89 19 5? 190462 ii rm ° 4 459 MOON Lk; C. HAMANN. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 28, 1910. 1,011,617. Patented Deo, 12, 1911. 7 SHEETS—SHEET 7. LGB ! 70 th vs 125 12- yg 40 125 4 4p 1 2 @ MNO @ Yikes @ ty! aft eh Rote 074 123 407 492 @ Oia) @ } yO 23 105 a ae Ook 0s 406 96 103 \} 106, 403224 105 Me 425 wr 9 " sith 0} i SON ‘oii ecille =a - = "7 70 407 106 424 105 LG 13. vie 190 Ju Mn €B0000000 00000006) 19 @€@OO0O00000 pb yi 190 2 4 | Fig. Figs i \N\ Toy d Cty, “UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, | CHRISTEL HAMANN, OF FRIEDENAU, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO MER- CEDES BUREAU-MASCHINEN GESELLSCHAFT, M. B. H., OF BERLIN, GERMANY. 1,011,617. CALCULATING-MACHINE, Specification of Letters Patent. , Patented Dec. 1 2,1911. Application filed June 28, 1910. Serial No. 569,322. ‘To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, Curisren Hamann, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, of Friedenau, near Berlin, Germany, have in- vented certain new and useful Improve- ments. in Calculating-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, -» clear, and exact description of the inven- 10 “15, 20 25 tion, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and» use the same, reference being had to the ac- companying drawings, and to letters or fig- ures of reference marked théreon, which forni a part of this specification. _My invention relates to calculating ma- chines and has for its object the construc- tion of a. machine capable of multiplication, division, addition and subtraction. The details of construction and features of novelty will hereinafter be more particu- larly-described and pointed out in the claims. Referring to the drawings in which like parts are similarly designated, Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the setting up mechanisms. Fig.2isa plan view of a portion of said. mechanisms showing the proportional lever in connection with the . sliding racks at its extremities, thé locking 30 35 means for the two extreme racks and oper- ating means. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the operating mechanism of the entire machine. Fig. 4 is a plan view similar to Fig. 3, but having all of the setting up digit wheels and - the calculating digit’ wheels and their shafts removed. Fig. 5 is a section on the line A-—B of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a section full size on the line C—D of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a sec- - tion on the line 7—7 of Fig. 8, through the 40 45 7) machine, full. size, showing certain loeking and shifting devices. Fig. 8 is a section on the line E-—I of Figs. 4. and 5, showing the coupling mechanism between the setting up and calculating mechanisms.’ Fig. 9 1s a section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 4, showing only the cam shaft and mechanism for lon-- gitudinally moving it. Tig. 10 is a section on the line G—H of Fig. 8. Fig. 11 isasec- tion on the line J—K of Fig. 12. Fig. 12.is a side view partly in section of the main oper- ating crank. Fig. 13 is a section on the line L—M of Fig. 12, seen from below. Figs. 14 to 17 illustrate the mechanisms for shift- ing the carriage and calculating mechanism in which Fig. 14 is a section on the line 14—14 of Fig: 4; Fig. 15 is a section on the line N—O of Fig. 4; Fig. 16 is a section on the line P—Q of Fig. 4 and Fig. 17 a plan. view of Fig. 15. Figs. 18 and 19 are eleva- tion and bottom views respectively of the disk 100 of Fig. 6. Fig. 20 is a plan view of part of the lever mechanism in Fig. 7. Figs. 21 and 22 are full sized details of the coupling wheels shown in Fig. 8. Figs. 23 and 24 are face and end views of cam 9, for actuat- ing the coupling mechanism. Fig. 25 is a section on the line R—S of Fig. 26. Fig. 26 is an elevation partly in section of the sleeve 101. Fig. 27 is a section on the line T—U of Fig. 9. “Fig. 28 shows details of the clip for holding the sleeve 101. Fig. 29 is a plan view of the setting up slides. Fig. 30°is a section on the line V—W of Fig. 29 show- ing the setting up. slides and Fig. 31 is a section on part of thé line X—Y of Fig. 29. Fig. 32 is a detail view of a part of the set- ting up mechanism. Fig. 33 is a front ele- vation of the carry-one mechanism of a number of digit wheels. Fig. 34 is a side view partly in section of Fig. 33. Fig. 35 is an elevation of zero setting. mechanism. Fig. 36 is an end view of the shaft 10, Figs. 3 and 88, showing the spiral arrangement of the cams for the carry-one mechanism. Fig. 37 is a plan of the carry-one mechanism. Figs. 88 and 39 are elevations in two dif- § ferent positions of a portion of the crank locking mechanism. Fig. 40 is‘an enlarged plan view of the automatic crank locking mechanism. Fig. 40° is a view similar to Fig. 40 showing a different position of parts. Fig. 41 is a side view of the mecha- nism shown in Figs. 40 and 40%. Fig. 42 is an elevation of the bar 152. Fig. 48 is an elevation of the quotient indicating mecha- nism. Fig. 44 is-a side elevation thereof. Fig. 45 is a plan view of Fig. 48. . Fig. 46 is a plan view showing the sight openings for’ ‘the dividend and divisor. Fig. 47 isa sec- tion of Fig. 46. Fig. 48 is a plan view partly in section of the brake mechanism. The machine comprises a substantially 55 60 76 75 80 90. 96 100 rectangular cusing, longitudinally divided |. into two parts: A and B by a partition and one of the paxts B. includes a carriage, ca- pable of being laterally moved with the cal- culating mechanism mounted therein. The cr 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 & stationary or rear portion of the machine contains the setting up mechanism while the movable portion contains the adding multiplying and dividing mechanism. The setting up mechanism comprises a plurality of parallel racks here shown ten in number, longitudinally slidable in transverse guides, Fig: 8: The two outer racks 46 and 47 are longer than the eight intermedi- ate racks 48: “Beneath the racks is mounted a proportional lever 1, Figs. 2, 8 and. 6. This lever is pivotally mounted on a block 49, slidable to and fro on guide rods 50. Pivotally mounted to the bottom of each of the racks 46, 47 and 48 is a block slidable in a slot of the proportional lever 1. This proportional lever has a second slot in which is slidable a block 51 to which is pivoted a connecting rod 39 connected to a crank 388. The two long outer racks 46 and 47, Fig. 2, are capable of being locked alternately in their normal or zero- positions, by means of a bolt 2, Fig. 2, operated by a lever 3, Figs. 2, 8, 5 and 29, said-lever 3 being pivoted at its end to the stationary guide for the left hand ends of the outer racks 46 and 47. The bolt 2 is adapted to enter a bolt hole in each of the long racks 46 and 47 so that either one or the other of the long racks can be held stationary. In Fig. 2, for ex- ample, the rack 47 is shown locked in its normal or zero position, the end of the bolt 2 entering the bolt hole and holding the rack 47 stationary. This holds the block. ‘pivoted to the bottom of rack 47 stationary and causes the proportional lever 1 to pivot about this block and all the other racks are then proportionately moved increasing dis- tances corresponding respectively to the 9 digits, see diagram Fig. 1, so that the ma- chine will operate for addition. The lever 8 cannot be moved to lock the other long rack 46 until all the racks have been brought back to their zero position, Fig. 3, inasmuch _as the bolt hole at any other time has been - moved past or is out of register with the 50 55 60 65. bolt 2. Furthermore if the lever 3 has only been partially moved so that the bolt pro- jects into both the bolts 24 in racks 46 and 47 when these racks are in their zero posi- tion, Fig. 8, both racks are locked against movement and the machine cannot be op- erated. On the other hand when rack 46 is locked in its zero position and rack 47 is released then the pivot point of the propor- tional lever-i is shifted from rack 47 to rack 46, rack 46 becomes the zero digit and all the other racks are then proportionately moved corresponding to the digits 1-9 but in the inverse order and subtraction results, the operating crank or handle 59 always being turned in the same direction for both addition and subtraction, see dotted line po- sition, Figs. 1 and 2. - The crank 35 on which the connecting rod 1,011,617 39 is pivoted is mounted on a vertical counter shaft on which is a gear wheel 55 meshing with the gear wheel 54 on the main vertical actuating shaft 53 which latter shaft at its upper end is provided with an operating crank 59. Extending transversely across the racks are a number of square shafts 57 journaled in the frame of the machine, Figs. 4 and 6 and on each of these shafts is slidably mounted a ten-toothed gear wheel 56 ca- pable of being slid into mesh with any of the racks. Between these square shafts there are round shafts 15, above the plane of the latter, Fig. 6. Each round shaft is pro- vided with a flattened portion or steep spiral 65 on which presses a leaf spring 16 secured by a screw in a slide 14, Fig. 30. This slide 14 has a slot on its under side that takes over the gear wheel 56, Figs. 6, 30 and 31. The slides are mounted to slide in slots ‘Fig. 29 in the casing and have pointers adapted to be placed opposite any one of the digits 0-9 marked on the casing ad- jacent to the slots in the casing. In Fig. 32 is shown a leaf spring 60 carrying two roll- ers 67 on one end, and a single roller 68 on the other end and provided with a rec- tangular hole. The slide 14 passes through the rectangular hole and the spring is held in place on the slide by a pin. The under face of the casing adjacent the slot is pro- ‘vided with notches 69 into which rollers 67 and 68 are snapped as the slides 14 are moved to and fro in their slots. The move- 70 75 80 85 | 90 95 100 ment of the slide by reason of the pressure — of spring 16 cn the flattened portion 65 of shaft 15 rotates this shaft and at the same time positions or moves the ten-toothed gear wheels 56 into engagement with their racks. In order that the number set up on the slides 14 may readily be read each shaft 15 is provided with an indicating wheel 17, the indices of which are read through open- ings 18, Fig. 29, in the casing. The spirals 65 are of such a pitch that upon moving the slide 14 a space in one direction or the other 4. ¢. from one number to the other in the same line of digits, the shaft 15 and its index wheel 17 are rotated one-tenth. Inasmuch as a complete rotation of the main actuating shaft 53 effects the complete rotation of a counter shaft, Fig. 6, together with the crank 38 this will cause a complete swinging of the proportional lever 1 back and forth so that-the number set up by the slides 14: is transmitted by the movement of the racks in one direction to.the wheels 56 during the first half of the. revolution of the crank 38 and during the second half of the revolution of the crank the racks are returned to zero position, the number that has been set up and showing at the open- ings 18 still remaining. The number set up 105 110 115 120 125 by the slides 14 is indicated at the openings 18 10 1,011,617 | 18, Figs. 6 and 29, and remains so set, for the reason that the shafts 15 do not partake of the rotation of the wheels 56 and shafts 57, so that any number which has been set up on the slides 14 and index wheels 17 can be added or subtracted as many times as the operating handle is rotated. In order that the number set up may be permanently maintained and indicated this number must be transmitted to the registering or comput- » ing mechanism during the first half of the I provide couplin revoluti n of the crank 38 and to this end _ the set up number from the setting up mech- . 15 20 25 85 40 45 50 ‘5B ‘the first half revolution of the crank 38. which frame forms a portion of a .to one another by a rod 11. anism to the computing mechanism during On each square shaft just beyond the central partition, Figs. 4 and 5, is mounted a ten- toothed gear wheel 6 and in alinement there- with is a similar toothed gear wheel 40 per- taining to the computing mechanism here- inafter described. _ Beneath the alined gear wheels 6 and 46 and capable of simultaneously engaging both of them are ten-toothed wide faced gear wheels 4, Figs. 8, 10, 21 and 22. These gear wheels are mounted in the frame 5, having substantially vertical movement, lelogram cr a parallel motion, being-pivoted at its ends to bell crank levers 58 and 8, said bell crank levers being pivotally connected These bell crank levers: 58 and 8 are pivoted on screws, secured in the central partition. The bell crank lever 8 carries two rollers 62 and 63 ‘acted upon by cams 9 secured on a shaft that carries a pinion 61, Fig. 6, in mesh with a pinion 60 on the main driving shaft 53. The cams 9 are so selected and formed. that they will act upon the rollers 62 and 638 to properly move the bell crank lever 8. One cam 9 acts on roller 63 to move the con- necting rod 11 to the left at the beginning of the first half of the revolution of the main shaft. 58, and the other:cam 9 operates on roller. 62 during the second half revolu- tion of the main shaft 53, whereby both bell crank levers 58 and 8 will be simultaneously moved and lift the frame 5 with the gear wheels 4 mounted therein and cause them to simultaneously mesh with the gear wheels 6 and 40 and will withdraw wheels 4 again from engagement with the wheels 6 and: 40 during the second half of the revolution of shaft 538. Thus it will be seen that as soon as the wheels 6 begin to rotate they are coupled by wheels 4 to wheels 40 and when they have ‘ ‘been rotated to the extent designated by the 60 number set up’ they will have transferred their movement through wheels 4 to wheels 40 and are then uncoupled. In order that the coupling wheels 4 shall es thrays maintain their proper. position with 5 relation to wheels 6 and 40 to insure proper ‘mechanism ‘to transfer’ ‘for the sake of clearness). aral- 8 engagement I provide just below frame 5 a stationary bar in which are secured pins 7, Figs. 8, 91 and 22 that pass through perfo- 7 rations in the bottom of frame 5 and pro- ject into the interdental spaces ofthe cou- -pling wheels 4 when the frame 5 is in its ‘lowermost position, Fig. 22, and when ‘the frame 5 is raised to coupling position, Fig. 70 21, the wheels 4 are out of range of the pins 7 so as to be free to rotate. _ The calculating mechanism is mounted’ in a carriage which carries,shafts 70 on whose rear ends are mounted the wheels 40. Each shaft 70 has secured to it an index wheel 41, Fig. 4, that are viewable through the open- ings 7 1, Fig. 46, (a number of these wheels and other mechanisms mounted on shafts 70 are.omitted from a number of said shafts shafts 70 to the right, Fig. 4, carry a second index wheel 42, but these. index wheels 42 are free to rotate on their shafts 70 and are viewable through openings 72, Fig. 46. This second set of index wheels serves to indicate the quotients as will be explained later. front of the carriage, Fig: 4, and has milled ends 45, in order that these shafts may be readily turned by hand. To prcduce .proper- addition when the shafts (0 are rotated by the coupling mecha- nism these shafts 70 must be provided with a carry-one mechanism in order to carry a unit from one shaft to the next higher ad- jacent shaft, when the index wheel 4 passes through nine to zero, and this is accom- plished by the following mechanism: On Each shaft 70 projects through the 15 80 --A number of © . 85 90 95 100 each shaft 70 there is secured a disk 75 pro- | vided with a notch into which projects ‘a pin 73, having a beveled end, mounted on a disk 76 that is secured to a sleeve 19 longi- .tudinally slidable on the shafts 70. Figs. 6, 33, 34 and 87. In the path of: these pins 73 are. beveled cams 78 secured to the carriage so that when the disks 75 and 76 rotate from the position shown in Fig. 6 to the position shown in Fig. 34, the sleeve 19 will be moved longitudinally on shaft 70 toward the front of the machine. In order to hold this sleeve in its moved position it carries a cam disk 77, which, when the -sleeve 19 is. axjally moved, passes over a hook 20 urged by a spring and pivoted to a part of the ¢ carriage. This preparation for the carrying of'a unit from one wheel to another fakes place in .the first half of the revolution of the oper- ating handle, but the actual transfer takes place during the second half of the revolu- tion of the handle at the time that the set- ting up mechanism is disconnected from the computing mechanisms, ¢. ¢., when the cou- pling wheels 4 sre disengaged. Referring to-Fig. 6, a miter gear wheel 78 105 110 115 126 125 meshes with a miter gear wheel 79, the di- - ameters of which gear wheels are as two to N 130. 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 60 55 4 one. The gear wheel 79 is splined in a shaft 10, Fig. 26 and is held in position by a forked ratchet Fig. 28, taking into a groove on wheel 79. Secured to the shaft 10 are a number of pairs of cams 80, 81, Fig. 33, a pair for each digit of the computing mech- anisms. ‘These pairs of cams are arranged in a spiral on shaft 10 as more clearly shown in Fig. 3. The shaft 10 is capable of sliding with respect to the gear wheel 79, by reason of the spline connection. At-the beginning of the first half revolution of the handle the shaft 10 is moved slightly to the left in order that the cams 80 and 81 can rotate idly. This movement of the shaft is accomplished by the following mechanism :~— On the bar 11, Figs. 8 and 9, which forms part of the coupling mechanism heretofore described, is mounted bar 12 which has a forked end that engages a disk 138 secured to the shaft 10 so that as the coupling takes place between the setting up and computing mechanisms, the shaft 10 is moved to the left, causing the cams 80 and 81 to move out of the path of the carry-one mechanism. ‘At the end of the first half revolution of the main shaft 53 the coupling mechanism is dis- engaged and the shaft 10 moved to the right, the shaft 10 having completed one. revolu- tion, whereby cams 80 and 81 have been moved under. the catry-one mechanism. This mechanism comprises a number of ver- tically movable slides 22, Fig. 33, having rollers at their lower ends, said rollers po- sitioned to be acted upon by the cams 80 and 81. The left hand cam 80 of each pair of cams first comes into action and is then followed by the second cam 81 so that one cet of slides is raised in advance of the other set. The slides 22 are mounted in a rail on the carriage. Each slide has a pin 83, against which rests the beveled end of a pawl 89 pivoted back of the slides. A spring 86 connects the tail of the pawl with its pertaining slide. The slots 87 and 88 in the rail in which the slides are guided are somewhat wider than the slides and these slides by reason of the spring 86 and pawl 89 are held vertical and against the right hand walls of their slots. Should the slides meet a resistance upon being raised by the cams 80 they will tip to the left on rollers, mounted in the lower reduced ends of the slides, as pivot points, and this occurs when the slide is raised by its cam 80 and in so doing strikes a flange 90 on the sleeve 19, . Fig. 84, so that it is tipped to the left, Fig. 60 65 33. In so tipping a tooth 91 engages a ten- toothed ratchet wheel 92 on the next adja- cent digit and turns said shaft one digit. Inasmuch as the distance between the flange 90, Fig. 34, of one shaft 70 and the ratchet wheel 92 on the next higher shaft 70 is just sufficient to permit the slide to lift and ro- tate the ratchet wheel one tooth, it is not ‘wheel 92. 1,011,617 - possible that the ratchet wheel 92 can over- ride, and also for the reason that the tooth is shaped to conform to the tooth of the ratchet The second cam 81 of the pair of cams 80, 81 then comes into operation. ‘and lifts a vertically movable slide. The slide acts on the tail of a hook, which holds the sleeve 19, releases the sleeve,. and simulta- neously causes. an arm 93 on the hook 20 to act on a flange and slide the sleeve 19 back into its normal position. These pairs of cams 80 and 81.come into action successively by reason of their spiral arrangement on shaft 10 and the successive pairs operate to transfer a unit when’ necessary from one digit shaft 70 to an adjacent one during the second half of the revolution of the main shaft 53 and handle. Tn order that the shaft 10 may be moved axially without hindrance at the beginning of the first half revolution of the main shaft 88, the spiral arrangement of the cams 80 and 81 is not continued completely around the shaft by a certain number of degrees ieaving hiatus in the spiral arrangement as chown at 94, Fig. 86, to permit the shaft 10 to be moved longitudinally without engag- ing any of the slides. Rotating the shaft 10 twice and permit- ting it to have a sliding movement is of ad- vantage in that it permits the use of smaller cams, thus considerably reducing the size of the machine, enly once and not slidable. “The mechanism for indicating the quotient when performing division is shown in Figs. 43, 45 and 7.. The gear wheel 79, Fig. 6, drives a bevel gear wheel 95, once for every two revolutions of the wheel 79, or in other words gear wheel 95 is rotated in unison with 78. The gear wheel 95 rotates the miter sear wheel 36 to which it is connected. Parallel to the cam shaft 10 is a shaft 96 which is longitudinally slidable in order to cause either of two miter pinions 35 and 34 (Fig. 48) mounted on one end thereof to mesh with the miter gear 95 to rotate the shaft 96 in opposite directions. This shaft 96 carries at its opposite end a narrow pin- ion 97, Fig. 43, and a disk 98. Pinion 97 meshes with a wide faced pinion 99 jour- naled in a post 108 that forms the bearing for one end of the shaft 96. This interme- diate wide faced pinion 99 meshes with a pinion 104 on the right hand end of a worm shaft 105 journaled in posts 103. When the shaft 96 is moved to the left miter pin- ion 35, Fig. 6, engages miter gear 36 and miter pinion 34 1s simultaneously disen- gaged and vice versa when shaft 96 is moved to the right. The two shafts 96 and 105 rotate in the same direction and on the shaft 105 is a worm 106. The worm 106 gears with a worm wheel 107. The movement of which is transverse to wheels 107 of the than if the shaft was rotated | 70 75 80 85 90 95 \ +100 105 110 115 120 125 . this always with the main operating shaft 10 . is engaged by the forked end of the lever 33, 20 25 ’ turned and this.is prevented by two rocking ied o . 85 40. 45 50 a) 60 * tooth-wheels 42. The pawls 124, toothed- - 65 ‘in the position shown in Fig. 7. The lever , 85 into gear with miter gear 36. The knob; - The worm wheels 107 carry ten-toothed gear ' 1,011,617 quotient mechanisms as will hereinafter be more fully described. If multiplication is to be effected this mechanism, Fig. 48, must go forward, if division is to be effected it must rotate backward and in order to do. 53 moving in the same direction it is neces- sary to shift shaft.96. This shifting is ef- fected by a mechanism shown in Figs. 3, 7 and 29 by the knob 29 from which the shift- ing of shaft 96 is accomplished. Disk 98 Figs. 3 and 7, pivoted at 108, and lever 33 is connected by pivot pin 120 to a bent rod 32, Fig. 20, the bent end of which is stiffened by a brace 119 and carries a fork 118 carry-: ing anti-friction rollers 117. This rod is longitudinally slidable in guides: In fork 118 operates the lower end 116 of a lever 109 which lower end is bent about 30° to the main portion of the lever 109 and is pro- vided with grooves in which take the rollers: 117. This lever is pivoted at 110 to the rack guide, Figs. 2,3 and 7. When the lever 109 1s in the position shown in Fig. 7, the main. operating crank of the machine cannot be bars 111, pivoted together and carrying a roller at their pivot point. These two. bars 111 have pivoted to them links 112, said links being pivoted at their opposite |. ends on the pivot point of lever 109 at 110. A spring 114 connects the two pivot points. Bars 111 take into slot 115 in the long outer’ racks 46 and 47 and prevent these racks: from being moved when the mechanism is 109 has a-wedge. shaped projection 113 which when the lever is moved about its: pivot point 110 sets free the roller and per-. mits spring 114 to withdraw the bars 11 from the notches 115.. The movement of, the lever 109 about its pivot point 110 simul-' taneously. shifts rod 32, lever 33 and throws: one or the other of the miter pinions 34 or' 29 and lever 109 cannot be moved from one, extreme position to the other during the, partial rotation of the main shaft 53 for: the reason that one or the other of the racks ; 46 and 47 has been moved out of normal po- | sition, thereby displacing the notch 115 so | that the lever 109 cannot pass the central | position shown in Fig. 7. ; As already stated the worm 106, Figs. 3 and 43, and its shaft 105 make one revolu- ; tion for every rotation of the main shaft 53 , and the worm wheel 107 is moved one tooth. . wheels 123 and adjacent these are single : wheels 123 and wheels 107 are all mounted | on a sleeve 122 which is free to rotate on | shaft 121, actuated in a plane below shafts | 70.’ Above the shafts 121 are some of. the 3 shafts 70 that belong to the computing mechanism and on these shafts are ‘also sleeves free to rotate and carry ten-toothed wheels 124’ indicating wheels 42 and asmall toothed wheel 125. The ten-toothed wheels 123 and 124’ mesh with one another and the wheel 125 is capable of being engaged by the’ single toothed wheels or pawl 124 on. shaft 121 which serves to transfer a unit from one sleeve to the other. The rotation of the worm 106 is thus transmitted through worm wheels 107, gear wheels 123 and 124’ to the index wheels 42. If the index wheels 42 show nine through the opening 72 and the crank handle is again rotated the point of pawl 124 engages a tooth. of wheel 125 and moves it with its index wheel 42 the 70 75 80 space of one unit. The-same operation takes . place both in the forward and rearward di- rection by reason of the symmetrical form of pawl 124, that is, when division is being made it carries its wheel from 0 to 9. Inasmuch as the shafts 121 and 70 are mounted in the sliding carriage it is neces-- sary that the worm wheels 107 shall be able to move longitudinally with respect to the worm 106 and to this end the worm is pro- vided with a slot 126, Fig. 3, so that’ the frame may be moved longitudinally at the end of every revolution of the crank handle. In order that the indices on the index wheels 42 shall always be properly posi- tioned with respect to its openings 72 there is provided beneath each ten-toothed wheel 123 a pawl 127. : J The divisor is set up from. the sliding knobs 14, Fig. 29, and the dividend is set up by the handles 45, projecting through the front of the carriage Fig. 4. After set- ting up the dividend and divisor. the main crank is turned until it is stopped or a number is given in which a number of nines appear in the higher digits of the. machine which shows that the mechanism is operat- ing negatively and the divisor has been subtracted once too many times from the dividend (the crank having been turned once too many times), there being a small remainder. The setting up mechanism is’ then reversed and the handle turned. until it is stopped thereby adding the divisor as many times.as will be permitted for the ap- pearance ‘of either zeros to the left or nines to the left. If zeros appear the divisor is contained an even number of times in the dividend. The frame is shifted to the left © automatically as will be explained later. Let us suppose that we wish to perform the following example; divide 390625 by 625. The dividend 390625 is set up by the handle 45, the divisor 625 is set up on the setting up mechanism by the knob. 14, Fig. 29, the carriage is moved to the right so as to po- sition the left hand digit “3” of the divi- dend beneath the left hand digit “6” of 85 90 95. 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 10 15 - S the divisor. The knob 3, Fig. 29, is moved to division, the knob 29, Fig. 29, is placed at normal, the knob 8 locks the rack 47 by means of bolt 2. The setting up wheels 56 of the three digits set up in the divisor are rotated by their respective racks to an extent equal to the complement of the di- visor and all the other setting up wheels 56 which are in engagement with rack 46 are rotated nine digits so that we have the following results after one revolution of the crank; ; 390625 999375 999765625 _ whereupon the crank is locked. The knob 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 99 being set at normal has moved rod 32 to the left thereby causing pinion 34 Fig. 3, to engage with wheel 36 and causing the quotient mechanism to show “1,” 2% @. register the number of crank. handle revo- lutions. It will be observed that the setting up mechanism has a number of round shafts to the left of square shafts 57, each of which “has.a ten-toothed gear wheel 186 perma- nently in engagement with rack 46 and gear wheel 6 so that when rack 46 is moved to add the complement of a number these shafts will cause nines to be added in on all shafts 70 in the carriage to, the left of the number set up therein. Knob 3; Fig. 29, is now set for addition and knob 29 set for correction, that is the two knobs are placed in positions opposite to those shown in Fig. 99. This operation moves the carriage one step to the left, releases rack 47 and locks rack 46 of the setting up mechanism and causes gear wheel 35 to engage gear wheel 36, Fig. 6, thereby reversing the direvtion of rotation of the quotient index wheels 42. Each time the knob 8 is shifted, the main operating crank shaft 53 is released as will be hereinafter more specifically described, and the sliding frame is automatically moved one step to the left. The crank is now turned until it again becomes locked, j. e. four times; thus adding 4625 to the result we have previously obtained; 999765625 2500 000015625 At the end of the 4th rotation of the crank we have zero appearing as the last left digit of the ‘adding mechanism. The sliding \frame having been displaced one digit to the left so that worm wheel 107, that registered one has been moved out of engagement with the worm 106, Fig. 43, and the wheel 107 to the right of it has come into engagement with the worm and this worm has been negatively rotated four steps, i. é., from zero to six and inasmuch as the negative rotation of this wheel has 1,011,617- taken place through zero the single tooth or pawl 124 has repositioned the first men- tioned worm wheel in its zero position, the one which previously indicated in the quo- tient is now displaced and six appears at the next opening 72, Fig. 46, to the right. 70 The knobs 3 and 29, Fig. 29 are again - placed in the position shown in. Fig. 29 and the main. shaft 53 again rotated until locked. The complement of the divisor is added to the remaining partial dividend three times 7. ¢., as follows: _- 015625 99B75 - 009875 99875 008125 99375 996875 and there shown in the quotient opening 49. The knobs 3 and 29 are now reversed from the position shown in Fig. 29 and the dividend added five times, 7. ¢. as follows: 996875 _ 3125 000000 The worm wheels 107 being negatively turned through zero to five the tooth 124 moves the next higher wheel through one space so that the “3” is changed into a “o” and we have the quotient reading 625. Thus it will be seen that if we did not have a carry-one mechanism in the quotient mechanism, Fig. 43, we would have the num- ber 1435 appearing at 72 and by reason of the carry-one mechanism the one is caused to disappear, the “4” is changed into a “6 ” and the “3” into a “2”. and 29 lie adjacent to. one another so that 4X 625= -they can be operated simultaneously by the fourth finger and thumb. In the operation of the machine it is ad- visable that there be automatic: stopping mechanism for stopping the rotation of the main crank without having to- notice whether nines or zeros appear at the left and it is also necessary that carriages be automatically shifted. The carriage is mounted to slide on rollers 128, Figs. 6 and 7 and mounted at the left of the machine, Figs. 4 and 5, is a drum 23 having 4 spiral spring not shown urging this drum in the direction of the arrow, Figs. 4 and 5. Se- cured to this drum is chain, cord or the like 24, Fig. 4 secured to the carriage. Secured to the frame is a rack 131, Figs. 4, 5 and 16 and on the sliding frame is pivoted a key lever 28, Fig. 16, which has a projection 132 that engages the rack 131 and is urged into engagement therewith by a spring 133. As shown in Fig. 15 the teeth of this rack are beveled on the left hand side so that the sliding frame carrying the key 28 can read-— The two knobs 3. 75 80 85 90 95 100 105. 110 115 120 125 130 10 “15 20: 25 1,011,617 ily be pulled to the right whereupon said key lever 28 will automatically ride over said teeth during the movement of the car- riage. The carriage, however, is prevented from moving to the left by the vertical walls of the teeth of rack 181 against which the projection 1382 and key lever 28 rests. The teeth ofthis rack are distanced from one another the space between the shafts of the setting up and adding mechanism, pressing on the key lever 28 releases the carriage from the rack which is then free to travel to the left. In addition to the mechanism just de- scribed I provide mechanism for moving the carriage step by step to the left and this comprises a second rack 134 placed imme- diately in front of the rack 181 whose teeth are beveled on each side, see Fig. 15. The rack 134 has at each end downwardly pro- jecting lugs 135 which may be hand oper- ated by key 1386, Fig. 29 that depresses a lever 25, Fig. 3, on shaft 137, said shaft hav- ing two lever arms 26 positioned beneath the lugs 135, Figs. 8 and 16. The dog 18, Fig. 16, on the key lever 28 under normal ' conditions enters between the teeth of both 30 racks 131 and 134. By lifting rack 131 the dog 182 is lifted from rack 134 and: the car- riage moves one step to the left for the reason that this dog 132 simply rides over one of the beveled teeth of rack 131. Spring 138 secured between its ends in a post bears . With said ends on pins in rack 134 and moves 35 40 this rack downward with its lugs 135, oppo- ‘sitely rotates shaft 187, and moves key 136 to normal position when released by the operator. The automatic movement of the cartiage takes place for ordinary calcula- tions but in division it is accomplished by other mechanism as follows: When the knob or lever 3, Figs. 5 and 29, is moved to either subtraction or addition and vice versa, it ‘moves. with it the lever 140. Said lever 45 ‘having a hole at its forward end throwgh _ which slides a pin 144, Fig. 17, secured to a 60 55 reckable cam plate 189 capable of being rocked under a roller 143 on the key lever . 28, Fig. 16, so that every time the lever 3 is | shifted in one direction or the other the rocker cani plate 139 passes under the rollers 143 and lifts the key lever 28 from its notches and permits the carriage to move one space to the left. The rocker plate 139 is provided with notches, Fig. 17,. spaced apart the same distance as the conmiputing shafts 45 into which the roiler 148 can drop should the recker plate 189 not have passed - entirely from under the. roller, and the 60 65 spring 133, Fig. 16, can then depress the key lever 28 into the next. notch of the rack 181 so that the carriage will be shifted only one decade to the left. oo Under some conditions, ¢. ¢., when addi- tion and subtraction are to be performed the ‘pleted its .revolution. ‘operating crank. 4 rocker plate 189 must be placed out of oper- ation and in order to effect this the rocker plate is longitudinally slidable. This is ac- complished by means of a hand lever 142, the tail of said lever engaging a notch in the bar 189. The shifting of this bar will permit one of the notches therein to be posi- tioned beneath the roller 143.so that the rocker plate 139 can be swung to and fro without affecting the roller. The rocker plate is held in operative or inoperative po- sition by a pin or lever 142 taking into a pair of holes in the base of the frame of the machine, Figs. 4 and 16. In order to pre- vent the shifting of the carriage ‘unless the crank handle 59 is in its initial position I provide on the main actuating shaft 53 a disk 145, Fig. 6, as shown in detail in Figs. 18 and 19. This disk has on its under side a recess 146 into which takes a roller 148 mounted on one end of a centrally pivoted lever 147, (Fig. 6). and urged against the disk by spring on the other end of said le- ver. The tail of this lever is beveled at 149 and lies below. a rack 150, Fig, 40, connected to the carriage. This rack has recesses 151, spaced apart the same as the computing shafts 45 and it is evident. that the carriage can not be moved when the roller 148 is out of its recess 146, whereby the tail of the le- ver 147 will be within one of the recesses 151. Immediately the main crank shaft 53 is turned the carriage is locked against lat- eral displacement until said crank has com- Likewise should the - carriage not be in proper position the main -crank.can not be turned. The lever 147 is. provided at 149 with a lateral bevel, Fig. 41, which as it enters correspondingly beveled recesses 151 in the rail 152 ‘longitudinally removes this rail ¢. é., at each rotation of the crank is to be locked after one or more rota- tions, é. ¢., when one is added to a number of nines or when one is subtracted from a num- ber of zeros appearing at the openings 71 and this locking is accomplished through the rail 152 by the following mechanism; see Figs. 40, 42, 43 and 44. Following the last computing shaft to the left, Fig. 40%, is a shaft 154 and when the last shaft 70 stands at - “9” and a number is added thereto a trans-