Manual / Guide · 1972
HP-35 Operating Manual (1972, red dot)
Hewlett-Packard's operating manual for the first-version (red dot) HP-35 (00035-90008).
Manual / Guide · 1972
Hewlett-Packard's operating manual for the first-version (red dot) HP-35 (00035-90008).
EG: are ON a log in e cain ped BFe: sin. Sos tary fx xe Re $02! SACK ©O8QVooeeso POWER ON-OFF SWITCH DISPLAY CLEAR KEYS ENTRY KEYS CONTROL KEYS ARITHMETIC KEYS FUNCTION KEYS MEMORY KEYS HP’s interest in computation evolved as a natural extension of our traditional involvement in measure- ment problem solving. At an early date, HP recognized the growing need for a family of computational products uniquely designed for ease of interface with scientific instrumentation. In 1966 we introduced the first digital minicomputer specifically designed to meet this need. Soon after, we followed up with our first programmable calculator. From these modest beginnings, HP has now become an acknowledged leader in the field of computational problem solving, Over 10,000 HP programmable cal- culators and more than 3000 HP digital computers are now at work in a wide range of scientific, industrial, and educational applications, Their effectiveness is further enhanced by a complete line of peripherals — ranging from digital tape and disc drives to card and tape readers, printers, and plotters. Now we've coupled our experience in scientific prob- lem solving and computational technology to bring you a new dimension in personal computing — — the HP-35 Pocket Calculator. HEWLETT jv} PACKARD HIP-3S HEWLETT-PACKARD 70900 WOLFE ROAD, CUPERTINO, CALIFORNIA, 95014 FOR THE CURIOUS Most of the reasons which motivated you to purchase the Hewlett-Packard-35 Pocket Calculator also moti- vated us to produce it. Conceptually, the HP-35 is Pure and straightforward, It is the electronic sliderule that was available only to fictional heroes like James Bond, Walter Mitty, and Dick Tracy, but is now a reality. Historically, it is significant that the physical esthetics and keyboard functions had design priority over the electronic interior, This accounts for the handsome styling, efficient keyboard arrangement, and conven- ient operating characteristics of your HP-35, It also accounts for the truly innovative electronic design required to compact the complex functions residing in the HP-35 into such a small volume. From a technical viewpoint, the operational stack and reverse Polish (Lukasiewicz) notation used within the HP-35 are solidly based upon computer theory. The two team up to become the most efficient method known for evaluating arithmetic expressions. You will appreciate the accuracy and broad dynamic range offered by the HP-35. An accuracy of ten signifi- cant digits exceeds the precision to which most of the physical constants of the universe are known, The fact that your HP-35 will perform calculations with this accuracy and maintain the proper decimal position throughout a nearly 200-decade range is reassuring, i The speed and convenience with which you arrive ata solution to a problem is a definite asset. You will find that fewer mistakes occur because computations are easier to make and that verification is fast and posi- tive. You will also find yourself performing calcula- tions which you did not consider in the past. They fall into three categories: first are those calculations within your own profession which, up to now were evaluated by an educated guess, The ability to expedi- ently resolve an estimate into a fact wherever you are and whenever the situation arises will definitely enhance your professional stature. The second cate- gory consists of those calculations indirectly related to your profession — computing the return on an invest- ment, reconciling your bank account, pursuing your hobby with professional precision, etc. (An example appears in the Sample Problems section of this manual.) The last category contains those exploratory calculations that can only be classified as computa- tional fun. They go by the name of ‘'Did you know .. . ?’. For example, did you know that one cubic mile of air weighs more than 101° pounds? Did you know that a man running a 4-minute mile turns 100 yards in a little more than 13.6 seconds? Did you know that 355/113 is an incredibly good approximation to 7? ii When a curious person, which you are or you wouldn’t be reading this, possesses an excellent computing machine, which the HP-35 is, then nice things happen, Since you have already demonstrated that you are a curious person, why not check and see just how close 355/113 does approximate 71, Although the rest of this manual must be read, just between the two of us, you can’t hurt the calculator by sliding the power switch to ON and pressing a few keys, To check the approximation, key in 355, then press ENTER? and key in the denominator, 113. Now press + to get the quotient. The approximation is now in the display. Let us now subtract the true value of 7 (to ten significant digits) from the approximation, Press 7 and =, It’s closer than one would think (2.66 x 10°”). To find the percent error, divide this difference by 7 and multiply by 100. (77, +, 100, X). We now know that 355/113 approximates 7 to within 8.47 millionths of one percent. (It makes the old approximation of 22/7 look pretty sad.) Two final comments:(1)it is easy to remember the approximation because it is made by duplicating the first three odd numbers and inserting a division in the middle 113 J355;@you have just eval- uated the expression (355/113 - 7) X (100/7). Con- gratulations . . . by the way, switch the calculator off and put it away. You are not supposed to know how it works, yet. iti Table of Contents General Information ACCESSORIES SPECIFICATIONS POWER TURN-ON Know Your HP-35 The Keyboard CLEAR KEYS ENTRY KEYS CONTROL KEYS ARITHMETIC KEYS FUNCTION KEYS MEMORY KEYS Battery Pack CHARGING REPLACEMENT LOW POWER INDICATIONS Service WARRANTY SHIPPING INSTRUCTIONS Sample Problems PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS page Ona 19 19 22 24 26 29 31 31 32 33 ass 36 36 38 General Information Your HP-35 Pocket Calculator is an easy-to-use, scien- tific, personal-size calculator. It is capable of per- forming operations from the very simple to the very complex, such as are encountered in business, educa- tional, scientific, and engineering problems. Your HP-35 was carefully inspected both mechanically and electrically before shipment. It should be free of mars or scratches and in perfect working order upon receipt. Carefully inspect your HP-35 for physical damage caused in transit. If it is damaged, file a claim with the carrier and return the HP-35 to Hewlett- Packard. Refer to Service section, page 35. ACCESSORIES STANDARD Your HP-35 comes complete with the following accessories: {To reorder, see the Order Card in the back cover pocket of this manual.) ACCESSORY MODEL/PART NO. © Battery Pack O3501A ©@ Battery Charger/AC Adapter 035024 ©® Safety Travel Case 03503A © Soft leather Carrying Case 03505A © Operating Manual 00035-90008 ©@ Four personalized labels 7120-2946 The personalized labels are provided for your conven- ience. Type your name or other identification on each label and affix to calculator, battery charger, and travel safety case. General Information ACCESSORIES (Cont'd) - OPTIONAL Optional accessories for your HP-35 are specified on _ the Order Card in the back cover pocket of this manual, We will send you new Order Cards as addi- tional optional accessories are added to our product line, A Model 03504A Battery Holder and Pack is an acces- sory used in conjunction with your battery charger and consists of a charging attachment and a spare battery pack, Using this accessory permits the charging of a spare battery pack at one location while battery- operating the calculator at another. SPECIFICATIONS OPERATIONS ARITHMETIC: +,— X, > LOGARITHMIC: log X, In x, eX TRIGONOMETRIC: sinX, cos xX, tanX [(Xin degrees)] ; arc sin X, arc cos X, arc tan X MISCELLANEOUS: x, 1/X, 7, V X,plus data storage and positioning operations CALCULATING SPEED ARITHMETIC: 150 ms, maximum OPERATION TYPICAL (ms) MAXIMUM (ms) +,- 60 70 xX, + 100 150 LOGARITHMIC: 200 ms, typ (300 ms, max) TRIGONOMETRIC: 500 ms, typ (900 ms, max) General Information MISCELLANEOUS: OPERATION TYPICAL (ms) MAXIMUM (ms) x 400 700 ix 100 150 Vx 110 180 NUMERIC NOTATION FLOATING POINT: 10 digits and sign, of any abso- lute value from 10° to 10!° (e.g,, .01 through 9999999999, ) SCIENTIFIC: An integer and sign with nine decimal digits, and a two-digit exponent and sign for any value outside the floating point range. MIXED FLOATING POINT AND SCIENTIFIC: Mixed numeric notation may be entered as data. After performance of any operation, data reverts to floating point or scientific notation, as appli- cable. DYNAMIC RANGE: 10°°° through 10°” (nearly 200 decades) ACCURACY: see Accuracy statement VALUE LIMITS: see Value Limits statement AIRBORNE USE: see RF} statement READOUT NUMERIC: 7?-segment light-emitting diode (LED) SIGN, DECIMAL POINT: Single-segment LED for each MAXIMUM DISPLAYABLE NUMBER: +9.999999999 x 10° Genera} |nformation SPECIFICATIONS (Cont'd) MINIMUM DISPLAYABLE NUMBER: 0. SPECIAL INDICATIONS Overflow: maximum displayable number Underflow: minimum displayable number Low Battery: All decimal points light Improper Operation: 0.; displayed flashing Trailing Zeros: Blanked NUMBER OF KEYS: 35 NUMBER OF REGISTERS: 5 total OPERATIONAL STACK: 4 registers MEMORY: 1 register POWER Dc Source: Integral battery pack, consisting of three re- chargeable, nickel-cadmium batteries Operating Time: 3 to 5 hours AC Source Voltage: Selectable 115V or 230V (+10, -5 percent) Source Frequency: 50 or 60 H2, nominal PACKAGING CALCULATOR CASE: High-impact plastic (ABS) ELECTRONICS: Extensive use of Large Scale Inte- gration (LSI) circuits WEIGHT: CALCULATOR: 9.0 oz (0.25 Kg) SHIPPING: 2.2 1b (1.0 Kg), approximate DIMENSIONS CALCULATOR: 3-1/4 x 5-7/8 x 1-1/4 inches (8.26 x 14.92 x 3.18 cm) TRAVEL SAFETY CASE: 11 x 5-1/4 x 2-3/8 inches (27.94 x 13.34 x 6.03 cm) General Information TEMPERATURE RANGES OPERATING: 0° to +40°C CHARGING: +10° to +40°C STORAGE: -40° to +55°C ACCURACY The accuracy of the HP-35 depends on the operation being performed. Elementary operations such as add, subtract, multiply, divide, reciprocal, and square root have a maximum error of + one count in the tenth (least significant) digit. Errors in these operations are caused by rounding answers to the tenth (least signifi- cant) digit, An example of round off error is seen when evaluating (\/5)7. Rounding V5 to 10 signifi- cant digits gives 2.236067977. Manually squaring the result gives a number less than 5 (4.999999997978. . .). If the next largest approximation to/5 (2.236067978) is squared, you obtain 5,000000002237,. .. . In other words, a 10-digit number does not exist which, when squared, yields 5,000000000, The accuracy of the remaining operations (trigono- metric and exponential) is dependent upon their input argument. When evaluating these operations, the answer that is displayed will be the correct value for an input argument within +n counts in the tenth {least significant) digit of the original input argument, Trigonometric operations have an additional accuracy limitation of +1 x 10°? in the displayed answer. Values for n are: OPERATION VALUE OF N log X, In X, and eX 2 trigonometric 3 x¥ 1 for X, 2 for ¥ ~ General Information _ SPECIFICATIONS (Cont'd) VALUE LIMITS The following value limits, if exceeded, cause a flashing zero to be displayed. An improper operation _ is therefore indicated. Pressing CLX resets an improper operation condition, OPERATION VALUE LIMITS arc sin X, arc cos X el <4 UX, x#O x20 log X, In x, x¥ x>o _ RFI - The HP-35 Pocket Calculator meets the Radio Fre- quency Interference (RFI) standards developed by the Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics Special Committee 88, entitled Interference to Aircraft Elec- tronic Equipment from Devices Carried Aboard, paper - 39-63/DO-119, April 12, 1963. _ POWER TURN-ON Your HP-35 is a completely self-contained, portable - calculator, The integral battery pack has sufficient power to provide three to five hours of continuous - operation. By turning off the power when the calcula- tor is not in immediate use, the HP-35 battery power may easily last throughout a normal working day, For your convenience, the HP-35 turns on in a cleared con- dition. The versatility of the HP-35 power operating modes let you © operate from the battery pack ©@ operate from ac power while charging the battery pack © operate from ac power with the battery pack re- moved General Information BATTERY OPERATION Hewlett-Packard ships your HP-35 fully-assembled, with battery pack in place, and ready to operate. With battery charger disconnected, slide the power switch to ON. You should see a zero and a decimal point dis- played. If any other indication is present, refer to Battery Pack, Low Power Indications, page 33. AC LINE OPERATION Operation of your HP-35 from ac power is as follows: CAUTION To prevent damage, check the position of the line voltage select switch on the bat- tery charger. For 115 VAC source power, slide the switch to 115V. For 230 VAC source power, slide lhe switch to 230V. Ensure power switch is OFF. 2. Insert battery charger plug into connector at back of HP-35, 3. Insert power plug of battery charger into power receptacle. 4. Slide power switch to ON and observe that a zero and a decimal point are displayed. Know Your HP-35 This section contains general information about the HP-35, which will help you to operate the calculator effectively. RANGE Your HP-36 is an extremely powerful instrument with a wide range of capabilities. It may be efficiently used to perform calculations ranging from the simple adding-machine type of calculation to highly sophisti- cated scientific computations. The HP-35 accepts data, performs calculations, and displays answers through- out a nearly 200-decade dynamic range (10°99 through 10°%), All calculations are performed to ten significant digits. NOTATION The HP-35 uses a flexible input format that accommo- dates integers, floating point, and both normalized and un-normalized scientific data inputs of both positive and negative numbers. EXAMPLE: .001177 (floating point) 1177x107 (scientific) 1177x107 (mixed floating point and scientific) The HP-35 requires that negative numbers be entered with the CH § (change sign} key. Exponents are entered by first pressing the E EX {enter exponent) key, then entering the numeric power of 10. EXAMPLE: To enter -.0136 x 10? you press: CHS 190136 EEX CHS g andsee: -. 0136 -o09 DISPLAY — The display is made up of light-emitting diodes (LED's), Since they are semiconductors, they, like their transistor cousins, exhibit extremely long life and high reliability. The display also: @ displays a zero and blinks continuously for improper operations ®@ is blanked during computations ®@ lights all decimal points to show the low battery power condition @ is entirely blank with an extremely low power condition Refer to Battery Pack, Low Power Indications, page 33 if either low power condition exists. All answers, intermediate results, or recalls from stor- age are displayed in one of the following formats: 1, Numbers equal to or larger than 107? and smaller than 10!° are displayed in floating point; e.g,, 1234. 567 is displayed as 1234. 567. 2. Numbers beyond this range are displayed in nor- malized scientific notation; e.g,, an integer and as many as nine fractional decimal digits suffixed with a power of 10 exponent. (6.02 x 107° would be displayed as: 6.02 23 Know Your HP-35 OVERFLOW AND UNDERFLOW Any computation or data entry resulting in a magni- tude equal to or greater than 10!9° causes 9.999999999 99 (9.999999999 x 10°”) to be dis- played. Computations or data entries having a magni- tude less than 107°” sets the display to zero. IMPROPER OPERATIONS If you attempt an improper operation, such as division by zero, the display blinks continuously and displays a zero, To reset this alarm condition, press CLX. The following operations are improper operations: ® Division by zero ®@ Square root of a negative number @ In X, log X or x”, where x0 @ arc sinX or arc cos X, where |X| >1 DECIMAL POINTS All decimal points light in the display when 5 to 10 minutes of operation time remain in the battery pack. Operating the calculator for more than 5 to 10 minutes after this low power condition first occurs may result in erroneous computations, The battery pack must be recharged by connecting the HP-35 to the battery charger. NOTE Switching from battery pack to ac line operation re- quires that the HP-35 be turned off during power source transfer. Therefore, all data is lost. The calculator is operable throughout the charging cycle, The HP-35 can be operated continuously from the ac line if desired. There is no danger of over- charging the battery pack, Know Your HP-35 Even when all decimal points are turned on, the true decimal position is known because an entire digit posi- tion is allocated to the true decimal position, EXAMPLE: >J-2394S567089-45. YOUR FIRST PROBLEMS _ Let's do some simple problems to demonstrate the ease with which calculations are made on your HP-35. EXAMPLE: To find the reciprocal of 4 you press and see 4 4. Vx 25 EXAMPLE: To find the sin 30° you press and see 30 30. Consider the equation M4 T=RCIn (: + a) Vo If we were evaluating this by hand, we would first divide vy by Vo. add 1, take the natural logarithm of © the sum, multiply it by R, then multiply it again by C. This is precisely the process used to evaluate the equa- tion on the HP-35, To obtain a preview of the power and convenience of the HP-35, the keys used to evalu- ate the equation are: Know Your HP-35 _ YOUR FIRST PROBLEMS (Cont'd) you press comment divide V4 by Vz + add 1 take natural logarithm of sum & multiply it by R c x multiply again by C. The purpose of the ENTER* key becomes apparent when real numbers are used in the equation. The key must be used to signify that the final digit in V1 has been entered and that the next digit is the first digit of V>. With this brief introduction to the HP-35, evaluate the ~ equation for V, =2, Vo =3,R=4,C=5. : Did you obtain 10.21651248 by pressing Before evaluating more equations let's get into some details on data entry, displays, operational stacks, and other items that will answer any questions that you may have. Know Your HP-35 REGISTERS AND STACK A register is a storage device that “remembers” data, Data stays in a register until it is either replaced by new data or cleared. When you clear a register, the old data is discarded and replaced with a zero. Your HP-35 has five registers, Four of the registers are arranged into an “operational stack” while the re- maining register is used for storing constants. (Regis- ters are named with capital letters while the data con- tained within the register is signified with a corres- ponding italicized lower case letter.) OPERATIONAL STACK The operational stack consists of four registers, X, Y, Z and T. The t T contents of the stack z Z are X, ¥, Z and ¢ respec- tively. The operational y Y stack stores intermedi- ate answers as they oc- x x cur and automatically brings them into posi- tion when they are re- quired for future cal- culations, Contents Register To gain more insight into the power and convenience of the operational stack, let us return to the previous example and show how the stack operates when evalu- ating the expression: M4 T= RC mn (+7) The following example shows how the stack functions in an actual computation. Know Your HP-35 14 REGISTERS AND STACK (Cont'd) Chae alta tut nx uaina A Aay uf + L falta tn « “‘pade|dsip sAemje st (4a3si6a1 x) 98} ayy yO WOO aYy{ ‘ayouisAay yore Buimojjoj 9245 ayy JO SyuaZUOD ay} MOYs :SMO1 INOJ dol suolssaidxa ay) aleN|eAa O1 Pasn saxO.NsAay aAlssadINs SMOYs :MAO4 WOIIOg Know Your HP-35 The previous example demonstrates basic character- istics of the operational stack, Raises the stack, San Li The diagram is a convenient shorthand stating that X, {the contents of the X register) remains in X and is duplicated into the Y register. Simultaneously, ¥ is raised into Z and Z into T, The contents of the T reg ister are lost, Notice that an entry into X which fol- lows ENTER * (or CLX or STO) simply replaces X with the value being entered, Entries following other opera- tions raise the stack by performing an automatic ENTER? when the first digit of a new entry is pressed, DATA ENTRY AFTER OTHER OPERATIONS - (LOST) t—>T t Soy z— +2 z y—Y y St. Y x x ws x DATA Xivosn pata ENTRY ENTRY 2. Two argument functions (+, — X, +, and Xx) oper- ate on data in the X and Y registers. Pressing the associated key places the result in X and drops the stack. ~ Know Your HP-35 REGISTERS AND STACK (Cont’d) x¥— x t ~—=_7 ytx—-x z —— where y-X—-+X y~\ Y AXyYis YXX—+X xX —#XyI— x yrx— x Notice that t remains in T as well as being dupli- cated into Z, Also remember that divisions, sub- tractions, and raising a number to a power all have X and ¥ arranged just as they are in the stack; i.e., dx, ao and Xx, 3. When evaluating operations with one argument, the argument is placed in X. Pressing the associated function key replaces the argument with the result, t ————-T z———»* 2 where f (x) is y——+y V¥e,1/K, In x, 1og x, or e* X —Hx)— xX In the case of trigonometric functions, Z replaces t. (LOST) t <— T z ———* Z_ where f(x) is y Ys sin X, cos X, tan X, are sin X, x — fl — xX arc cos X, or arc tan X, Trigonometric computations require one more internal register than any other operation, Rather than imbedding the extra register internally, it has been made available for use as the T register, with the stipu- lation that 2 is duplicated into the T register following a trigonometric operation. 17 Know Your HP-35 “407e{N9|e9 1NOA yO 49eq ay UO JaUed UOHSNAsU! ayY UO UMOYs Wagoid ajdwes ay) si sy TY) BINON G* L SHO Se pasaiua Si G*L ~ Jey) saquiawieay X we ob $ Gl- + us of + Gx b+ EF 2 ADD 8 SI- Si- 8 boy 0 Seite g 8 z ? 7 (OE UIs b= oil Sexes “uolssaidxe Jayjoue azenyena $,}9] “Oya “Sy 1) @Bues ‘Aoesnase ynoge syiejyap Oyu! Buiyja6 auoyag Know Your HP-35 REGISTERS AND STACKS (Cont'd) To complete the introduction to your HP-35, you should be aware of an additional storage register which can be used to store intermediate results or constants, Any number in the X register is stored by simply pressing STO, To recall a number from storage, press RCL, y—+y x x os OS ttosn AFTER OTHER OPERATIONS {LOST} t—-T t Soy zZ—+2 z S, z y—y y S, Y x NC x x Sox )*~ (LOST) f s s 8 s : Since RCL is identical to keying in the stored value, _ the stack is not raised when RCL follows CLX, STO, or ENTERt . The Keyboard The front cover foldout shows the six classes of keys. Each class of key is described in this section. To fur- ther expand your ability in using the HP-35, spend some time in the Sample Problems section of this manual, see page 36, CLEAR KEYS (CLEAR ALL REGISTERS) Replaces the contents of ALL registers with zero, Initial power-on has the same effect. (CLEAR X) Replaces the contents of the X register with zero. This key is used most often to change an incorrectly-entered number. t—+T Z—+Z y—~Y x x 0. x (LOST) ENTRY KEYS Provides for the numeric entry of data from the key- board into the X-register. Data enters from the left, with the most significant digit entered first. For your convenience, the 5 key has a Homing Key top. EXAMPLE: To demonstrate the entry of 12.3 you press and see 1 1. 2 12. 12. 3 12.3 The Keyboard ENTRY KEYS (Cont'd) Notice that the decimal point entry caused no visual change in the display, except for a slight blink when the key is pressed. DATA ENTRY AFTER OTHER OPERATIONS t—+T zZ—+z y¥—yY X~ rx pata © iLosr) DATA {LOST) t z y x Ss ENTRY ENTRY (ENTER EXPONENT) Causes the next digits on CHS to effect the exponent portion of the digit entry. The exponent can be changed without clearing, by simply continuing with the entry of the correct two-digit exponent. EXAMPLE: To correctly enter 55.6 x 10° you press and see 55.6 55.6 55.6 32 (mistake) 55.6 42 (correct) 55.6 32 42 Notice that pressing E EX caused no visual change in the display, The HP-35 automatically inserts the integer 1 if only an exponent is entered. The Keyboard EXAMPLE: To enter 1x 10° you press and see - 1, 3 1. 03 A negative exponent requires that CH S MUST im- mediately follow E EX, otherwise CH S is ignored, {CHANGE SIGN) Changes the sign of the number. After pressing E EX, changes the sign of the exponent. To change sign of an exponent already entered, X reg- ister must be cleared and data reentered. CH S may be thought of in two ways: @ as a negation operator applied to the existing number in X @ as the first entry of a new, negative number (not affixed and ignored if followed by 7 or RCL) If CH S precedes a keyboard entry of O through9 . , or E EX, a minus sign is affixed to the new data en- try. Otherwise, the CH S applies to the existing num- ber in X. EXAMPLE: To demonstrate affixing minus sign to new data entry, by using Pi. you press and see 3.141592654 -3.141592654 5 -5. Pi is retained in Y as a positive number, Tris raised to Y as a positive number as can be demon- strated by pressing X=. This operation is the same as a terminated keyboard data entry. The next data entry ALWAYS raises the stack. The Keyboard ENTRY KEYS (Cont'd) AFTER OTHER OPERATIONS (LOST) t—>+T z—-z y¥—yY x x nt 7 (Los) CONTROL KEYS — Control keys ENTER*, X2¥, and R¥ reposition the contents of the stack registers. Always raises the stack and duplicates the X register in the Y register. Its primary purpose is to enter the value of X into the stack and Prepare the X register to re- ceive a new data entry. That is, it signifies the final igit of the first data entry and that the forthcoming key depression applies to the new data entry, (LOST) tor y Y xLx | Exchanges (transposes) the contents of X and Y regis- ters. You will find this key useful for: © viewing contents of Y register without losing * © rearranging operands for division, subtraction, or xy The Keyboard t—+T zZ—~Z 7x! x x EXAMPLE: You have entered data for an x opera- tion incorrectly. The problem, 2” = 128 with incorrect entry and correct solu- tion is you press and see 128. (ROLL DOWN) Rolls the contents of the stack regis- ters down without losing data. Four R¥ returns all data to their initial registers. You will find this key useful for: ® viewing contents of stack registers © repositioning entered data for calculation ne pez ~ x7 x The Keyboard ARITHMETIC KEYS Arithmetic keys operate on the X and Y registers according to the following rules: KEY FUNCTION, f(x,y) y+u—-x yr-x—+x yXxX—X yrx—+x Both operands are lost during arithmetic operations and the stack drops. Tt VALUE LIMITS z Zz x #0 for+ yey \ yt yx EXAMPLE: To add 3+5 x you press and see 3 3. 3. 5 5. r 8. Numbers may be entered in floating point, scientific, or mixed floating point and scientific notation, The Keyboard EXAMPLE: To subtract 2.999 from 3 you press and see 3 3. 3. 2.999 — 1. -03 CHAINED OPERATIONS The advantage of the stack becomes evident when com- plex equations are evaluated, The HP-35 is organized so that data entries following an operation (except for CLx, STO, and ENTERt) AUTOMATICALLY per- form the equivalent of an ENTER ¢ keystroke. EXAMPLE: To find (3 x 4) + 8/4 you press and see comment 3 3. ENTERS 3. Duplicates 3 in 4 4. x 12 8 8. Saves 12 in Y with an automatic ENTER* ENTERY 8. Duplicates 8 in Y; saves 12inZ (Continued Next Page) The Keyboard ARITHMETIC KEYS (Cont'd) 2. Stack drops, with 12 going to Y 14, Prior result (2} was in proper position for new calculation WITHOUT further data manipu- lation The prior example illustrates again two important features of the stack. @ The first data entry key (except after CLX, STO, and ENTER?) performs an AUTOMATIC ENTERT to save the previous result or data entry in the Y register. @ Any arithmetic operation (+ — X, and +) replaces X with the function of and y and drops the stack. FUNCTION KEYS Replaces X with the value of x. The stack drops as with arithmetic operations, t‘————+T VALUE LIMITS Nz >0 nh —x This function is calculated internally in the form x = el¥ In X}, necessitating X > 0 to prevent an im- proper operation. The Keyboard EXAMPLE: you press and see 3 3 3 5 5 124.9999998 The result is well within the stated accuracy for expo- nential calculations (see accuracy statement, page 5). Each key replaces X with the designated function of X. t—+T FUNCTION ~— VALUE LIMITS zZ— Zz 1/x x#0 y—Y log, In x>0 x x ve x20 (x) (LOST) EXAMPLE: To find the reciprocal of 2 you press and see 2 2. Vx -5 Replaces X with the trigonometric function (Sine, Cosine, or Tangent) of X. (Also see are key), Angles are given in degrees. The Keyboard FUNCTION KEYS (Cont'd) All trigonometric functions cause z to be duplicated in the T register, tem t T ae y Y xX —Hf(X}— xX EXAMPLE: To find the sin 30° you press and see 30 30. .5 Used as a prefix to any trigonometric key (sin, cos, or tan) to calculate the inverse function, Only the principle values of inverse functions are cal- ~ culated, with the results given in degrees, RANGE OF FUNCTION ~90° Sare sin x <+90° 0° Sare cos X<4180° -90° Sare tan X<+90° All trigonometric functions cause z to be duplicated in the T register. The Keyboard — en t T ae y ——yY X —FixX)— x EXAMPLE: To find the arc sin -.5 you press and see 5 5 -.5 -.5 sin” -30. 00000001 Notice that pressing arc causes no visual change in the display. Pressing CLX resets the are prefix. MEMORY KEYS (STORE) Duplicates X into the S register. No other register is changed, x aw s Ns (LOST) (RECALL) Enters a duplication of S into the X regis- ter and generates an automatic ENTER * (as do other data entries) UNLESS it follows CLX STO, or ENTER*. The recall key can conveniently be used for multiply- ing or dividing by a constant. The Keyboard MEMORY KEYS (Cont'd) EXAMPLE: To change entered data from inches to centimeters and see you press 2.54 2.54 2.54 10. 2.54 25.4 20. 2.54 x 50.8 comments centimeters in 1 inch 2.54inS Data in inches 2.54 duplicated in x Result: cm in 10 inches Data in inches Result: cm in 20 inches RCL AFTER to o+T Z—+Z yey a (LOST) Les OTHER OPERATIONS (Lost) i to rT z—~/Z y “ry x- x \S SISSY a wn Battery Pack CHARGING Charge the battery pack as follows: 1. Perform AC Line Operation procedure, page 7, An actual display ensures the battery charger is de- livering power to the HP-35, If a display is not achieved, refer to Service section. 2. Slide power switch to OFF if only battery charg- ing period is to follow. NOTE After 14 hours, a completely discharged battery pack will be fully charged. The charging period may be ac- complished unattended with no danger of overcharge. For convenience, overnight charging is recommended. Shorter charge periods will allow diminished battery operating time of the HP-35 but maintain full calcula- tion capability throughout the operating time. 3. At end of charging period, you may elect to con- tinue using your HP-35 with ac power or proceed to next step for dc power operation, 4. With power switch at OFF, disconnect battery charger from power receptacle. 5, Disconnect battery charger from HP-35. NOTE If subsequent use discharges the battery pack prema- turely, refer to Battery Pack, Cycling instructions, page 33. If the battery pack is unable to accept a charge, the battery pack may be defective, Refer to Service section. Continue use of your HP-35 with ac power. On receipt of new battery pack, perform Bat- tery Pack, Replacement procedure, page 32. If trouble persists, return HP-35. Refer to Service section, Battery Pack REPLACEMENT Replace the battery pack as follows: NOTE Use only quality HP rechargeable Model 03501A Bat- tery Pack which has been tested and is warranted for one year, Ensure power switch is at OFF and battery charger is disconnected, Slide two battery-door latches toward middle of calculator, Let battery door and battery pack fall into palm of hand, Ensure battery connectors have not been inadvert- ently flattened inward in calculator. Gently bend outward if flattening has occurred, Insert battery pack with gold contacts of battery pack facing calculator so contact is made with battery connectors, Insert bottom of battery door behind retaining groove, then let fall into place, Gently press battery door toward calculator while sliding two battery-door latches laterally into cal- culator case. NOTE If you use your HP-35 extensively in field work or during travel, it is recommended that you order Model 03504A Battery Holder and Pack (see page 1). Battery Pack LOW POWER INDICATIONS The lighting of all decimal points is a low power indi- cation, At first occurrence, you have 5 to 10 minutes operating time remaining. You must then decide to: © operate from ac power ® charge the battery pack ® insert a fully charged battery pack BLANK DISPLAY A blank display while using battery power means the: ® battery pack is discharged ® battery pack is not making contact ® calculator is defective You should isolate the difficulty by performing each of the following: 1. Battery Pack, Replacement procedure, page 32. 2. Slide power switch to ON, If the display is ob- tained, battery pack was not making contact. Pro- ceed with normal use. If display is still blank, Proceed to next step. 3, Perform Battery Pack, Charging procedure, page 31. If display remains blank, HP-35 is defective. Refer to Service section. If display is obtained, battery pack was discharged, Continue a full charge period, CYCLING Temporary degradation, peculiar to nickel-cadmium batteries, may cause a noticeable decrease in the oper- ating period of the battery pack. Should this situation arise, battery-operate the HP-35 for at least five hours to completely discharge the batteries. Then initiate a full charging period of at least 14 hours. Correction of the temporary degradation should result. 33 Service WARRANTY Hewlett-Packard pocket calculator products are war- _ ranted against defects in materials and workmanship, This warranty applies for one year from date of de- livery. We will repair or replace components which prove to be defective during the warranty period, pro- vided the defective units are returned to Hewlett- Packard (see Shipping Instructions). No other war- ranty is expressed or implied. We are not liable for consequential damage. OUT OF WARRANTY Beyond the one year warranty period, your calculator will be repaired for a moderate charge. Return the HP-35 along with all standard accessories (see Shipping Instructions), If only the battery pack is defective, simply order a replacement (see Order Card in the back cover pocket of this manual}. SHIPPING INSTRUCTIONS Malfunctions traced to the calculator or battery charger require that you return to us: 1. your HP-35 with all standard accessories in your travel safety case 2. a completed Service Card (from back cover pocket of this manual). \f 2 battery pack is defective and in-warranty, return tous: 1. only the defective battery pack 2. a completed Service Card (from back cover pocket of this manual) Send returned items safely packaged to this central address: Hewlett-Packard Advanced Products 10900 Wolfe Road Cupertino, California 95014 Under normal conditions, your calculator will be re- paired and reshipped within two days of receipt at this address, Should other problems or questions arise re- garding service, please call this telephone number collect: (408) 257-7000, and ask for Pocket Calculator Customer Service, Sample Problems PROBLEMS The sample problems which follow serve as a self- analysis of individual adeptness in using the HP-35, Refer to Solutions, page 38, for correct answers and preferred methods of calculations, 1. (3 x 4) + (5x 6) + (7 x 8) > x (3 + 4)(5 + 6)(7 + 8) (4x8, 2) (8. , 248) 2 3x47 \2+4 4 1 4 TR+T6 5. 3+1 : 7+1 1541 1 14595 6. 60 arc cos (cos 45° cos 150° + sin 45° sin 150° cos 60°) NOTE The solutions to the following problems do not re- quire multiple entries of the same data: a. R=5, 0=30°. Find x,y (x = Ros 6; y =x tan@ b. x=4,y=3. Find R, 0 (0 = arctan (y/x); R= y/sin@) 8. Convert the following to centimeters: 53" 37" 24" 36" gaorp 9. Compute the annual rate of return (after taxes) of an investment held for 6-1/2 months when Tax Rate = 35% Buy Price = $2341 Sell Price = $2672 RETURN = (SELL - BUY}(1 - TAX} 12 BUY HOLD DURATION x 100 Sample Problems SOLUTIONS Each solution to a sample problem includes the key- strokes required in the preferred method of calculation. o + 6 © 7B: BR 3. 60. : 5 X24 tf 3+ 4 e+ is t 2 fat S+2¢- 64+ 4 fH RW ve 5. 3.141592653 a 6, 6949,392474 45 COS 150 : ‘sin 150 sin X 60 Cos ‘x + are cos Go & Sample Problems 7. a. x = 4.33012702 y=25 value of x 5 x! 'X —value of y b, = 36.86989764 R = 5,0000000003 9. 16,96710808 2672 t «2341 sto — 1 + 38 Se ROL 12 X 65 + 100 x a reputation for craftsmanship and service HEWLETT PACKARD FOR ADDITIONAL SALES AND SERVICE INFORMATION, Contact 408-257-7000 (Ask for Calculator Customer Service). 00035-90008 @ Printed in U.S.A.