Manual / Guide · c. 1975
Casio fx-101 Instruction Manual
Instructions for the Casio fx-101 scientific with its green Digitron tube: scientific notation, memory, functions and worked examples.
Manual / Guide · c. 1975
Instructions for the Casio fx-101 scientific with its green Digitron tube: scientific notation, memory, functions and worked examples.
© URE Us palulg @ SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR CASIO /y-/0/ INSTRUCTION MANUAL ‘oO INTRODUCTION Dear customer, Congratulations on your purchase of this highly advanced scientific calculator with an indegendent memory. In addition to its normal calculator conveniences, it enables you ta handie any of 18 most important math functions at ane touch of a key. Although the display capacity is 10 digits, answers in the dynamic range are also shown through scientific notation, 8 digit mantissa and 2 digit exponent of ten up to 1 gi? To utilize the full features of thls calculator, no special training is required but we suggest you study thig instruction manual ta become familiar with its many abilities. Uj KEYBOARD (1) POWER SWITCH Move the switch to the right to start a calculation. __0.] READ-OUT Shows each entry and resuit, whether in the regular 1G digit dispiay or in scientific notation, through a green Digitren tube. Sugpresseas unnecessary O's (zeroes! in mantissa, 13) 0]~(¥)-L |NUMERAL/DECIMAL POINT KEY Enters numerals, For decimal places, use the L; key in its logical sequence, (2) | t6} (*} MEMORY RECALL KEY Recalls an accumulated total in the memory without cieéaring the same. (7) [Me] MEMORY CLEAR KEY Clears contents of the memory. (9) El CLEAR KEY Clears display for correction, Function commands (+, -, x or +) can be interchanged by successive depression of the appropriate cammand key. (9) BJ acl CLEAR KEY Clears the entire machine except the memory, and releases the overflow check. There is no need to depress the gor Gi key prior to starting each new calculation. (10) &F] ENTER EXPONENT KEY Enters the exponent of ten up te +99. To enter 7,56 x 70°, operate GCI Siam, (11) (241 SQUARE KEY Obtains the square of the number displayed, (12) 4] RECIPROCAL KEY Obtains the reciprocal of the number displayed. {13} os] COMMON LOGARITHM KEY Obtains the common iogarithm of the number displayed, (4) 69 Be 63: GS. GE FUNCTION COMMAND AND RESULT KEYS In the normal four functions, press the numeral and function commend keys ia the same !ogical sequence as the formula and the EJ key obtains the answer. A full floating decimal system with underflow works [n all catculations to deliver the most significant digits. {5} [M4] (4-]) MEMORY PLUS (MINUS) KEY Positively (negatively) accumulates an entry and/ or result obtained into thea memory. CGbtains each answer in four Funetions and auto- matically accumulates it into the memory posi- tivaly (negatively]. C97) ¢125(73) (74) (75) (18) _ | oy in | er | ae j) cos | tan (20) ao ako — (5) iO) Fie ‘sy: (14} [In] NATURAL LOGARITHM KEY Obtains the natural fogarithm of the number displayed. (15) le] EXPONENTIAL KEY Raises the constant € ta x powers, (16) 4“ POWER RAISING KEY Fiaises the hase x to ¥ powers. (17) (0) Pi KEY Enters the 3 <¢ircular (3.1416927654}. (18) 2] SEXAGESIMAL > DECIMAL CONVERSION KEY Converts the sexagesimal figure to the decimal scala. (19) je] ARC KEY Performs inverse trigonometric functions in tom- bination with the[s-|, for [v4] key, (20) [e] SINE KEY Obtains the sine for the angle an display. 2) IMIPORTANT 2-1 HANDLING OF THE CALCULATOR constant in 10 digits (3 (21) Ci COSINE KEY Obtains the cosine for the angle on display. (22) [a] TANGENT KEY Obtains the tangent for the angle on display. (23) 44] SIGN CHANGE KEY Changes the sign of the number displayed from plus to Minus and vice versa. (24) (7) SQUARE ROOT KEY Obtains the square root of the number displayed. (25) gat“? ANGULAR MODE SELECTOR By setting the selector either at “DEG” (Degree), “RAO” (Radian) position, trigonometric func- tons can be performed based an the angutar measurement indicated by the selector, Answers of the inverse trigonometric functions can also ba given in the required angular measurement by the appropriate setting of the selector, Before operation, please be sure to check that the Gry Gatteries, or connection of the AC adaptor are set correctly. The calculator should be operated in accordance with this instruction manual with firm and Separate A 1 key pressing, Two ar more numerals and/or cammand keys should not be pressed simultaneousty, as this may damage the machine, 22 SCIENTIFIC NOTATION - se '-1,234567-99 | GO @ CL) The minus (—) sign for mantissa. (2) The mantissa. (3) The minus (—) sign for exponent. (4) The exponent of ten. The whole display is read: —1.234567 x 10°” When the answer is more than 7 x 10°" or less than 1 x 1077, it is automatically shown by the scientific notation, B digit mantissa {7 negative digits) and exponents of ten up ta +99, Entry can also be made in the form of scientific notation By using the er) (Enter Exponent} Key, Note that the ««] key does not work when the first entry (mantissa] is made exceeding 8 digits (7 digits, when the figure is negative). EXAMPLE _ (V.23K10'9) +(4,56%107) =7.23456K10" _ OPERATION READ-OUT 12368 | _ 1,23 00, 10 210 _ 1,23 10) 40568 4.56 00 7 _ 456 O7 S| 123456 10 * The answer is read: 1.23456 x 10'° = 12345600000 cS 2-3 OVERFLOW OR ERROR CHECK Overflow or error is indicated by an “E* sign tn the first cotumn and stops further calculation. Overflow or error occurs: 1} When an answer or accumulated total in the memory becomes more than + x TO°°. 2) When the funetion calculations are performed on a number exceeding their input range, To release the locked registers caused by the overflow check, depress the key, Note: The content of the memory is protected against overflow and the total accumulated so far is recalfad by the ej key after the overflow check is released by the BQ key. 2-4 DISPOSABLE DRY BATTERY OF AC GPERATION This cattulatar ogeretes on either dry batteries or AC with the use of the AC ADAPTOR, at DRY BATTERY GPERATION With four Manganese dry batteries (SUM-3i it operates for approximately 17 hours continuously. Even when battery gower decreases, the display will merely darken Dut cause no miscalculation. When you have finished your calculation, be sure to switch off the power stoi to save battery OWEr, , To change batteries, put the power switch off first. Slide open the hatiery cover and replace Batteries. b} AC OPERATION lf you are im a 11/¥ area, for instance, use a 117/¥ 40 ADAPTOR, When you use an AC ADAPTOR of a different voltage, it may cause damage ta both the AC ADAPTOR and calculatar. Flug ihe applicable AC ADAPTOR (100, 117, 220 or 240} inta the AC outlet and the cord into the calculator. When plugged in, battery pawer supply stops automatically, so battery power 1s not wasted. *To prevent the damage to the cafcufatar, VSE ONLY THE AC ADAPTOR secommended by your Gealer, il oh (3) BASIC OPERATIONAL EXAMPLES This calculatar computes any Of 4 basic functions using 10 most significant digits including the last 2 digits which are not displayed in mantissa, as far as the comrmnands are not interchanged ar the Ed key is not depressed in the midst of operations. hk OPERATION READ-OUT 741-258+963=1446 741025869638 [| ss 1446. (5,6088%10179}+45.6=1,23«10"' SCs6eossm | 5.6088 00 126 5.6088 12| (123+65.4-7891x2,5=-1501.5 1230654@789mz205a[ —-7507.5 | O.000323337100=3,333x1075 M0003 332328 i | 3,333~04 | 100B | 3,333-06 | {-25)x3+61,2) =62,5 25683810208 | 62,5) "4 nagative figure is displayed with the minus {--] sign on the teft of the figure, whether in regular display or in scientific notation, " The 42! key changes the sign of displayed number from plus to minus {or vice versal, To enter the negative exponent, use the ft| key before or after entering the exponent. 6) @ (4) CALCULATION WITH A CONSTANT ENTRY 2 (EG) ENTRY & ENTRY &. Cr ec ee! a Obtains product {quotient}. Ohtains product (quotient). =~ To he set as a constant multiplier (divisar}, The constant is released when a new operatian including function calculation is performed. The & key also releases the constant. EXAMPLE 4.56*273=164.88 q x?23=707 41-2,.5=16.4 52+2 5=20.8 OPERATION READ-OUT 23084056 104,88 | [8 a 207, 275@e41e [. 16.4 528 20.8 (5) MEMORY CALCULATION a) Automatic accumusation b=] ENTRY EA (SE. Ee) ENTRY Mei} ENTRY £7 (GR. 6. Be) ENTRY mete). we] — “a i i Obtains answer and automatically accumulates it into the memory positively (negatively). . Obtains answer and automatically accumulates it into the memory positively (negatively). ., Recalls the accurnulated total in the memory. = Clears contents of the rnemory. uw Note: Be sure to depress the [™] key prior to starting a memory calculation. EXAMPLE OPERATION _ READ.OUT 5B34+2=55 Pouce] + Paco si 5, | +1 23-6=17 2306m) 17, a2 re er 2-20 3x 11.2108] 31 268m [_ 360000000. —) 4.5x{ 61013} - ADSHGE1 3H 27 14 "2.699996 x10" m) |-2.899996 14 * The constant can also be utilized for automatic accumulation. b) Direct access to the memory Any number on display, whether antry or result, is directly accumulated into the memory as many times as the fe] or (#] key is dépressed. EXAMPLE (78-3) +17853)-6.3-6.39=99,4 OPERATION READOUT bI7 RE ESiey | «26, 63 belie ___—«B»L3 a 39.4 6) 6] FUNCTION CALCULATION ns calculator computes 18 specific functions at one touch independent of basic arithrnetic calculations, oO it is necessary to change the order of operation when you desire to use some of the scientific functions as a subroutine of the basic calculation, in order to perform the scientific functions first gnd ta use the result in basic calculation. For example, when you perform such an operation as [5x sin 30°], calculate [sin 30°] first and multiply S to the answer of [sin 30°] on display. Thera Is nO need to depress the GJ key prior to starting each new problem, Remark: This calculator computes as 7 = 3.141599654 and ¢ = 7.718982 respectively. 6-1 SQUARE ROOT & RECIPROCALS The [y}key extracts the square root of the number displayed. Input range: GO = xc 1 x 10% EXAMPLE _ _ OPERATION READ-QUT / 357X106 =18894,4436,,. 3576 (357. 00; 6 | 357, 06, | 1889444362 / 6-2/5 =1,23606797.., Memsem2m [| 4472135954 = | 1527864046 4 |_1,236067977 The [4] key obtains the reciprocal of the number displayed. Input range: |x|/< 110° ,x 4 OG ee , OPERATION _ READOUT ; oe : Li789la 1.267427 122 6-2 LOGARITHMS The log] key obtains the common jogarithms of the number displayed. Input range: O < x <1 x ior" A mere rr ERATION AEAD-OUT logio41 =1.612783... - 4ifi[ 141.6127839!] log2.3 =0,3617278... | 203 | 0,.36172784 | The [in] key obtains the natural logarithms of the number displayed. Input range: O <4 X¥< 1x 107%" in 216 =5,370638.,. 215) | § 370638 In{3.5x104) -in280=14,038654,,. H305@8sbM@280be@ [| 14,03896544' 3/7978 =216"3 =eV3 Inz6=6g 216hasee( 6, j ao “La 3-3 EXPONENTIATIONS fhe Gikey obtains the square of the number displayed. Input range: jxXi< 1 « 1079 EXAMPLE OPERATION READ-OUT 4,232 =1,5129 1G23@[ 1.5129] The (key raises the constant e@ {base} to x powers, |n another words, this is to obtain antilog aX, Input range: |x| = 230 EXAMPLE OPERATION = READ-OUT e52=184,272,.. 5()2@ | 181.2723} eF =4.810477... me2pe [| 4.810477 e-..sin 48° =O.6508855... Oe a BIC Bee4 6a se | 0,650885554 | The law key raises the base * to ¥ powers. The number displayed when the EY key is used, is an Intermediate result. Input range: O < XY < 1 x 49°° a EXAMPLE OPERATION © READ-OUT 28 20=8,77325,,. x10” 28—208 [ 87743253 28] 10,251.25 =69,91511,,. foro25@i1ie25e[ 69,91511 (1.2%3.6)-3 $0.01 24036,,, 182e3sc6ee3ae [601240263 | Note: Ta obtain antilog,,.<, operate ENTRY (1G?) Ee ENTRY tc) Ee. a ee 6-4 SEXAGESIMAL > DECIMAL CONVERSION The HI] key canverts the sexagesimal figure (Degree, Minute and Second} ta decimal scale. To canvert the negative sexagesimal figure, depress the Pél key following entry of degree, or after finishing the conversion to the decimal scale. EXAMPLE _____OPERATION _ BEAD OUT ne el 47 25 36 =47, 426666066, ,, APR | _ 47, 256) | 47.41666666 366) | 47,42666666 6-5 TRIGONOMETAHIC FUNCTION The fain) feoatand jal keys obtain each trigonametric value of the entry. in case the degree is given on the sexagésimai scale, it is necessary to convert the figure to the decimal scale before performing the trigonometric functions. Input range: sin/tan | ixX}< 1440° (DEG), IXl< 87 (RAD) : Cos : Ix[< 1530" (DEG), Inia {RAD c =F EXAMPLE | OPERATION _ READ-OUI hc 1 ll sinen(rad) =0.58778525... TS smameas (_0.58778525| ros 45° =0.707 10676... ‘_— asia [ 6.70710678, sin (-41°} =--0,6560590... —_a A1 oe | ~6.65605903 | af” ss 5. tanBS’ 14°30 =12.01344,.. eee BSS 14%) | B5,23339333 306 | 85,24166656 | Jinn} | 7 17.013449 | ~___9,809017] sin 30 +sin 18 =0,80901.., DEG RAD 3 O61 BENG) | Note: The value of cot, sec and cosec can be found from the following formula. { . / ae <a fe i cosec A= fete ] _ cot As Sa ; sec A= tan D-OUTF EXAMPLE __ OPERATION REA 0 = cot 18° =3,.0776835... BEG RAD 18 [_3.07768360' _ ona sec 12° =1.0223405... — 12mm | 1,0223405 cosec 15° =3,8637033... aT ,5eewe1 eae [_3.863703336 | + # 6-6 INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTION The [ere] key performs Gach inverse trigonometric function in combination with the (=n, Fel, or t™) key. Input range: sin’ '/ cos”? ; |x}, tan™' : Ix[< 1 x 10%. Answers are given in their pringipal valua: —90° S& sins = 90" > 0° & cos x = 180° ; -90° = tan x = 90". EXAMPLE OPERATION —_—sREAD-OUT sin-’ 0,64=39,7918... Deg Aad Ce64eea {39791821 cos “10.25 =75,5224.., tT 25%8 [ 75.52249 tan 14.7 =77, 988652... i aQ7rar [ 77,.98852- 6-7 CALCULATION INVOLVING Pi {71 The (7) key enters the cirqular constant in 10 digits (3.141592654), EXAMPLE OPERATION __READ.OUT 2x =6,28318530,,. 2eq@e [ 6,283185308) @—1/n =2,99997,,. | m1 Ape {| 2399972114 (8 6-8 OTHER FUNCTIONS a} Hyperbatics The hyperbolic sine is defined and denoted as foligows: y 7 sinh x = => s cosh x= ete = ; tanh x= sin EXAMPLE ee — __—COPERATION READ-OUT sinh 1.3 =1.698382.,. 1 3@KiEeS | 3.396765232 S26 | 1.698382616 cosh 2 =3,7621956... im 2m | 7524391285 | S268 3.762195642 b} Inverse Hyperbolics The inverse hyperbolic sine, also called antihyperbolic sine, is defined and denoted as follows: yosinh 's if x osinh}¥. Similarly for the other inverse functions, Since the hyperbolic functions are exponential, the inverse functions must be logarithmic. From the following explicit formula, their values Can be found. ({}sinh—! x=In fet sfx? 44]. (Qheash-) x = In ixt+ v/e? — 1} se > 4. + (3) tanh oe Jini <7), EXAMPLE ; _ OPERATION | READ-OUT sinh-' 9.2=2,915281.,. So2M81BHa902 Be [ 2.9152914] cosh" 3.4=1,894559,,. S04@G18eeEsc4ee [1.894559] tanh-'0,5 =0,5493061,,. 16054185 e=emnR2s (054930615! i APPLICATIONS 1) Determine the height of tree h when the length of shadow is 9.6m and the angle 4 is 68° 20° in the figure shown halow, h= 9,6 x tan (68° 20°) [m] soe nw OPERATION READ-OUT _24.16464672 DEG AAD — [ 68 e120 SlIé6 A 2} o ormine the resistance {{2) of a capper wire when its section area is 5.5 {memn*) and tength is kim, Note: Moment of resistance is 1.72 x 107% [fm], (FORMULA! =P Ro fe P + Moment of resistance {fim} © Lo: hength {m) A +: Section area (m?} OPERATION REAO-OUT 12728389 82R36B505m6He { 6.254545454| F = FECTRIC CURRENT IN TRANSIENT PHENOMENA —_ Co, 3) ELEC Cetermine the ratio of electric current (i} in the RL <rreuit [A= a 27002, L = 3H) shown left 0,2 second after the swatch is closed. ——— R = E | R [FORMULA] |= (1-€ Lh), i= = | Ry -ty1o0etl—-e@ | 4x 100 | a | OPERATION READ-OUT __—_ Z2npnze3seMasisiocca#el | 73.64029] 4} PARABOLIC MOVEMENT a . a To obtain the height of a ball 3 seconds after throwing it at a 50° angle and at an initial velocity of 30 m/sec, (not calculating air resistance]. , [FORMULAS ,- Vy, tsine — sar Height of ball at T seconds after thrown initial velecity {m/sec.} Timea (sec.} | Throwing angle to jevel surface Gravitational acceleration (9.8 m/sec.’ } OPERATION _—_—_—s&RREAD-OUT oh DEG RAD @ = | iB Tosws sys oT Tr: - ay Ly 12 SPECIFICATIONS CAPABILITIES: Normal functions —4 basic functions, chain & mixed operation, constants for x/+, automatic accumulation in 4 functions, true credit balance and calculations involving decimal places. Scientific functions — Trigonometric & inverse Trigonometric functions &y degree or radian, Carnman & Natural Legarithmic functions, Expanentiations (Exponentials, Squares & Powers), Square roots, Reciprocals, sexagesimal/Decimal conversion, Pi antry and Scientific matation. CAPACITY: Input range Output accuracy Entry/basic functions 10 cigit mantissa or $ digit mantissa plus 2 digit exponent (powers of ten from 10°? ta 10°79), sin x/tan x (XI 1440 (DEG) jx|< 87 (RAD) +1 in the Bth digit CGS x I<|< 1530° (DEG) Jx|<42 7 (RAD) in cin’! x feos”! * |x| 1 +7 in the /th digit tan” | x lsl<o1x yo —_'" _. log «fin x OQ<x < 1x if” +1 in the 8th digit e* |x|= 230 t1in the 7? digits xv Qer<e 1.x io _ ‘on x Ixl<o 1x 10°° oe Tix Ixl<o4 x 191 x OQ oe Oona ) Up ta second -"- Ti 10 digits -"- + 7 DECIMAL POINT: Full floating mode with underflow, NEGATIVE NUMBER: ([ndicated by the floating minus {—} sign for mantissa. The minus sign appears in the 3rd column for a négative exponent. OVERFLOW: = indicated by an "E" sign, locking the calculator. READ-OUT: Green digitron tube and zero suppression. MAIN COMPONENT: Qne chip L&I, POWER CONSUMPTION: 0.45 W POWER SOURCE: AC 100, 117, 720 or 240¥V 1+70V), 50/60Hz with applicable AC Adaptor. . . DC Four AA size Manganese dry batteries (SUM-3) operate abt, 11 hours continuously. Four AA size Alkaline dry batteries [AM-3) operate abt, 26 hours continuously. USABLE TEMPERATURE: GC ~ 40°C (32°F ~ 104°F) DIMENSIONS: 34 mmH x 86 mm Wx 160mm D (1-3/8" H x 3-3/4" Wx 6-1/4" By WEIGHT: 296 ¢ (10.2 oz) including batteries. ri B® CARE OF YOUR NEV ELECTRONIC CALCULATOR This calewlator is a durable, precisian-made instrurment which will provide you with years of trouble-free service. To help ensure this wa recommend that the tnside of the calculator not be touched. It is also inadvisable to subject the calculator to hard knocks, drops, and unduly strang key pressing, Extreme cold {below OC or 32°F}, heat (above 40°C or 104°F) and humidity may also effect the function of the calculator. When you do not use the caleulator for a long period, take out the batteries to prevent damage’ if the batteries leak. ° Special care should be taken not to leave dead batteries inside the calculator. Plaase make sure you switch off the power when you finish your calculations or intend to epen the cover to change batteries, should the calculator need service, take the unit to the store where purehased or to a nearby dealer, Sy, Ee 7.78 Fo Graval rere 465 cage (gh ios _ yr _ ane ae 369 4 = L ; . F kone - Ci 4 .-€re Fs Cer r , chert [Ly = HH ms